我正在尝试并行化我编写的脚本.每个过程都需要进行计算,并将数据存储到数组的特定部分(列表列表).每个进程都在计算和存储其数据,但是我无法弄清楚如何从非根进程到根进程获取数据,以便它可以将数据打印到文件中.我创建了一个脚本的最低限度的工作示例,该脚本仅出于简化目的而设计为在2个内核上运行:

from mpi4py import MPI 
import pdb 
import os

comm = MPI.COMM_WORLD
size = comm.Get_size()
rank = comm.Get_rank()

# Declare the array that will store all the temp results
temps = [[0 for x in xrange(5)] for x in xrange(4)]

# Loop over all directories
if rank==0:
   counter = 0 
   for i in range(2):
      for j in range(5):
         temps[i][j] = counter
     counter = counter + 1 

else:
   counter = 20
   for i in range(2,4):
      for j in range(5):
         temps[i][j] = counter
         counter = counter + 1 

temps = comm.bcast(temps,root=0)

if rank==0:

   print temps

我使用以下命令执行脚本:

mpiexec -n 2 python mne.py

完成案例后,输出为:

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8, 9], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]

因此,您可以看到数据共享无法正常运行.有人可以告诉我将数据返回到根进程的正确方法吗?


解决方法:

该代码可以正常工作,只是没有做您想要的.

这条线

temps = comm.bcast(temps,root=0)

将处理器0的temps变量广播到所有处理器(包括等级0),这当然给出了上面的结果.您要使用收集(或如果希望所有处理器都具有答案的话,可以使用聚集).看起来更像这样:

from mpi4py import MPI
import pdb
import os

comm = MPI.COMM_WORLD
size = comm.Get_size()
rank = comm.Get_rank()

assert size == 2

# Declare the array that will store all the temp results
temps = [[0 for x in xrange(5)] for x in xrange(4)]

# declare the array that holds the local results
locals =[[0 for x in xrange(5)] for x in xrange(2)]

# Loop over all directories
if rank==0:
   counter = 0
   for i in range(2):
      for j in range(5):
         locals[i][j] = counter
         counter = counter + 1

else:
   counter = 20
   for i in range(2):
      for j in range(5):
         locals[i][j] = counter
         counter = counter + 1

temps = comm.gather(locals,temps,root=0)

if rank==0:
   print temps

如果您确实想就地进行收集,并且知道(说)所有真实数据都将大于初始化数据所用的零,则可以使用归约操作,但这会更容易与numpy数组:

from mpi4py import MPI
import numpy

comm = MPI.COMM_WORLD
size = comm.Get_size()
rank = comm.Get_rank()

assert size == 2

# Declare the array that will store all the temp results
temps = numpy.zeros((4,5))

# Loop over all directories
if rank==0:
   counter = 0
   for i in range(2):
      for j in range(5):
         temps[i,j] = counter
         counter = counter + 1

else:
   counter = 20
   for i in range(2,4):
      for j in range(5):
         temps[i,j] = counter
         counter = counter + 1

comm.Allreduce(MPI.IN_PLACE,temps,op=MPI.MAX)

if rank==0:
   print temps

标签: python, mpi

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