windows离线安装node-gyp教程

windows离线安装node-gyp

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文章目录

windows离线安装node-gyp

环境(2021-04-02)：

NodeJS : v14.16.0
系统 : windows 10 20H2
node-gyp : v7.1.2
Python:3.8.8 32bit
Visual Studio: 2015

前言

node-gyp是node C++模块编译的重要工具，目前的安装方式主要是在线安装。但是，离线安装的需要也是不可避免的，下面介绍如何在Windows下离线安装node-gyp

1.安装条件

windows系统：

Python v3.6, v3.7, v3.8, v3.9
C/C++编译器, 如 Visual Studio Community 2015

Python3.8.8下载地址：
https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.8/python-3.8.8.exe

2.安装NodeJS

https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v14.16.0/node-v14.16.0-x64.msi

3.下载头文件node-v14.16.0-headers

头文件下载地址：
https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v14.16.0/node-v14.16.0-headers.tar.gz

https://nodejs.org/dist/v14.16.0/node-v14.16.0-headers.tar.gz

将node-v14.16.0-headers.tar.gz解压到%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache，并重命名为14.16.0

# 创建所需文件夹(%USERPROFILE%为当前用户目录)
$ cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local
$ mkdir node-gyp
$ cd node-gyp
$ mkdir Cache

# 解压头文件
$ tar -xzf node-v14.16.0-headers.tar.gz -C %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache

# 修改文件夹名称为v14.16.0
$ cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache
$ rename node-v14.16.0 14.16.0

目录结构如下：

$ C:
$ cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0
$ tree
.
+--- include
|   +--- node
|   |   +--- node_api.h
|   |   +--- ...

4. 下载动态库node.lib

win-64

https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v14.16.0/win-x64/node.lib
https://nodejs.org/dist/v14.16.0/win-x64/node.lib

win-x86

https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/v14.16.0/win-x86/node.lib
https://nodejs.org/dist/v14.16.0/win-x86/node.lib

64位的node.lib放到%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0/x64

32位的node.lib放到%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0/ia32

目录结构如下：

$ C:
$ cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0
$ tree
.
+--- arm64
+--- ia32
|   +--- node.lib
+--- include
|   +--- node
|   |   +--- node_api.h
|   |   +--- ...
+--- x64
|   +--- node.lib

5. 添加node-gyp对应的installVersion

node-gyp编译时会检测头文件和库文件的installVersion的版本，如果头文件和库文件的installVersion小于node-gyp的installVersion，则会重新下载安装头文件和库文件。

查看node-gyp的installVersion

%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/package.json

可以看到node-gyp的installVersion是9

{
  "_from": "node-gyp",
  "_id": "[email protected]",
  ...
  "installVersion": 9,
  ...
  "version": "7.1.2"
}

头文件同级目录新建文件installVersion内容为9

cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0
echo 9 installVersion

目录结构如下：

$ C:
$ cd %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Local/node-gyp/Cache/14.16.0
$ tree
.
+--- arm64
+--- ia32
|   +--- node.lib
+--- include
|   +--- node
|   |   +--- node_api.h
|   |   +--- ...
+--- installVersion
+--- x64
|   +--- node.lib

6.安装node-gyp

下载地址：
https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp/archive/v7.1.2.tar.gz

将node-gyp-7.1.2.tar.gz解压到 %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Roaming/npm/node\_modules(NodeJS安装路径)，并重命名为node-gyp

$ tar -xzf node-gyp-7.1.2.tar.gz -C %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules
$ rename node-gyp-7.1.2 node-gyp

安装必要node\_modules(在线安装好拷贝到离线环境)

$ cd node-gyp
$ npm install

验证

$ cd bin
$ node %USERPROFILE%/AppData/Roaming/npm/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js -v
v7.1.2

node-gyp命令文件

在%USERPROFILE%/AppData/Roaming/npm建立node-gyp.cmd文件，用于直接使用node-gyp命令。也就是上一步的验证可以使用node-gyp -v即可。

node-gyp.cmd

@ECHO off
SETLOCAL
CALL :find_dp0

IF EXIST "%dp0%\node.exe" (
  SET "_prog=%dp0%\node.exe"
) ELSE (
  SET "_prog=node"
  SET PATHEXT=%PATHEXT:;.JS;=;%
)

"%_prog%"  "%dp0%\node_modules\node-gyp\bin\node-gyp.js" %*
ENDLOCAL
EXIT /b %errorlevel%
:find_dp0
SET dp0=%~dp0
EXIT /b

node-gyp.ps1

#!/usr/bin/env pwsh
$basedir=Split-Path $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Definition -Parent

$exe=""
if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion -lt "6.0" -or $IsWindows) {
  # Fix case when both the Windows and Linux builds of Node
  # are installed in the same directory
  $exe=".exe"
}
$ret=0
if (Test-Path "$basedir/node$exe") {
  & "$basedir/node$exe"  "$basedir/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" $args
  $ret=$LASTEXITCODE
} else {
  & "node$exe"  "$basedir/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" $args
  $ret=$LASTEXITCODE
}
exit $ret

node-gyp

#!/bin/sh
basedir=$(dirname "$(echo "$0" | sed -e 's,\\,/,g')")

case `uname` in
    *CYGWIN*|*MINGW*|*MSYS*) basedir=`cygpath -w "$basedir"`;;
esac

if [ -x "$basedir/node" ]; then
  "$basedir/node"  "$basedir/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "$@"
  ret=$?
else 
  node  "$basedir/node_modules/node-gyp/bin/node-gyp.js" "$@"
  ret=$?
fi
exit $ret

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License

License under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0: 署名-非商业使用-禁止演绎

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Refrence:

https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp

windows离线安装node-gyp教程